A recent analysis by Earthworks has revealed that 144,377 residents of New Mexico, including 38,749 children, live or attend schools within a half-mile radius of active oil and gas operations. This data highlights the potential health risks posed by air pollution from these industries. In the San Juan Basin, nearly 80% of the population resides within this threat radius. Eddy County in the NM Permian Basin has seen a nearly 40% increase in people living within this zone since 2017.

The release of this analysis coincides with efforts by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to finalize proposed safeguards aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and toxic air pollution from oil and gas facilities. The EPA is also preparing to introduce additional rules targeting routine flaring and smaller leak-prone wells. New Mexico's recently established methane and ozone precursor regulations are seen as setting a strong precedent for federal rules that could protect communities in states like Texas, where regulations are less stringent.

Oil and gas production is identified as the largest industrial source of methane emissions in the United States. Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, significantly more powerful than carbon dioxide. Research indicates that pollutants released alongside methane can increase risks for cancer, respiratory illnesses, fetal defects, blood disorders, and neurological issues—risks that are heightened for children and the elderly.

The Oil and Gas Threat Map provides detailed information about those living near oil and gas facilities in New Mexico and other states. While health impacts have been documented at distances greater than half a mile, this distance is used conservatively as it most clearly correlates with health effects. The map also offers data on increased cancer risk and respiratory health rates at the county level. Users can input their addresses to determine if they reside in a threat zone.

Earthworks is committed to protecting communities from the negative impacts of mineral and energy development while advocating for sustainable solutions.