The Native American Rights Fund (NARF) has been instrumental in assisting Tribal Nations with securing water rights through negotiated settlements since the 1970s. As of December 2024, Congress is considering a record number of 12 such settlements. These agreements present an opportunity for legislators to save taxpayer money and ensure water access for both Tribal and non-Tribal communities.

Among the pending legislation is the Tule River Tribe Reserved Water Rights Settlement Act of 2024, introduced by U.S. Rep. Vince Fong (R-Calif.). This bill authorizes a settlement between the Tule River Tribe and local water users.

Another significant proposal is the Fort Belknap Indian Community Water Rights Settlement Act of 2024, introduced by U.S. Rep. Ryan Zinke (R-Mont.). It includes provisions for a wastewater treatment facility benefiting the Blackfeet Tribe.

Additionally, there are several bills addressing water rights in Arizona and New Mexico, including those affecting the Navajo Nation and other tribes.

"Oftentimes, what starts as litigation to resolve competing claims...results in settlement," states NARF Staff Attorney Ada Montague Stepleton and Summer Law Clerk Sapphire Carter in their article "Strange Bedfellows: States, Tribes, and Water Rights." They highlight that settlements provide flexible solutions and fulfill federal responsibilities toward Indian self-determination.

Supporters are encouraged to contact their congressional representatives to advocate for these crucial water rights settlements.